Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR): Difference between revisions

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[[File:EGR_diagram.png|700px|none]]
[[File:EGR_diagram.png|700px|none]]
== Function ==
<!-- GF14.20-P-3000A -->
{|
|[[File:W220_exhaust_gas_recirculation_function.png]]
|
* 89 - Exhaust gas recirculation valve
* B2/5 - Hot film mass air flow sensor
* B11/4 - Coolant temperature sensor
* B37 - Accelerator pedal sensor
* L5 - [[Crankshaft position sensor]]
* M16/6 - Throttle valve actuator
* N3/10 - ME-SFI [ME] control unit
* Y31/1 - EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer
* a - Vacuum supply from intake manifold
* b - Controlled vacuum from EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer to exhaust gas recirculation valve
|}
The exhaust gas recirculation valve (89) is combined with an
electrical EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1).
The EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1) stabilizes the sharp vacuum
fluctuations in the intake, and is actuated by the ME-SFI control
unit with a PWM signal, which has a frequency of about 10 Hz
and a duty cycle of about 30 to 100%.
The EGR valve is actuated with a vacuum of about 80 to 200
mbar, and is opened to varying widths in order to control the
quantity of exhaust gases that are recirculated.
The exhaust gases are recirculated in line with the map stored in
the ME control unit as soon as the following conditions are met:
* Coolant temperature between 60°C and 110°C
* Engine speed <3500 rpm
* Partial load.
The performance map is designed to optimize fuel consumption. In
this case as much exhaust gas as possible is recirculated without
impairing engine running or exhaust emissions.
Exhaust gas low in oxygen content is drawn in through the exhaust
gas recirculation valve, depending on the cross-section of the
valve opening. Consequently, the fuel-air mixture has a lower
oxygen concentration. The combustion temperature drops and the
formation of NO<sub>X</sub> is reduced.
The inducted air mass is reduced by the quantity of exhaust gases recycled.
In line with this, the ME-SFI [ME] control unit meters less fuel.
== Parts ==
[[File:B14090000037.980528.png|thumb|none|Parts in [[EPC]] related to EGR.]]
The exhaust gas recirculation valve (89) is combined with an
electrical EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1) and has part number A1121400060/A1121400460 (PIERBURG OEM ~80 EUR, OE ~130 EUR).
[[File:A1121400060_EGR_valve_and_transducer.jpg|thumb|none|EGR valve and transducer (A1121400060).]]
{|
|[[File:W220_EGR_valve_diagram.png]]
|
* 89 - Exhaust gas recirculation valve
* Y31/1 - EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer
* a - Vacuum supply from intake manifold
* b - Controlled vacuum from EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer to exhaust gas recirculation valve
* c - Air admission
|}
=== Exhaust gas recirculation valve (89) ===
[[File:W220_EGR_valve.jpg|thumb|none|EGR valve.]]
{|
|[[File:W220_EGR_valve_diagram_crosscut.png]]
|
* 89/1 - Compression spring
* 89/2 - Vacuum reservoir
* 89/3 - Diaphragm
* 89/4 - Valve seat
* 89/5 - Housing
|}
=== EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1) ===
EGR pressure transducer is also known as EGR control selenoid.
[[File:W220_EGR_pressure_transducer.jpg|thumb|none|EGR pressure transducer.]]
<!-- GF14.20-P-3106-01A -->
<!--
== Position ==
The EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer is mounted behind the right cylinder head.
{|
|[[File:W220_Exhaust_gas_recirculation_vacuum_transducer_position.png]]
|
* M16/6 - Throttle valve actuator
* Y31/1 - EGR vacuum transducer
|}
-->
<!-- GF14.20-P-3106-02A -->
<!-- GF14.20-P-3106A -->
{|
|[[File:W220_Exhaust_gas_recirculation_vacuum_transducer_function.png]]
|
* a - Compression spring
* b - Valve plate with diaphragm
* c - Housing, pressure regulator
* d - Hose line (guides controlled vacuum of approx. -200 mbar to the electrical unit)
* e - Coil
* f - Electromagnetically operated valve unit
* ATM - Atmospheric pressure, air admission via cylinder head
* OUT - Controlled vacuum to EGR valve
* VAC - Vacuum supply from intake manifold
|}
From connection VAC the intake manifold vacuum reaches the
pressure regulator, which stabilizes the intake manifold vacuum in
line with engine speed and throttle valve position via a control
valve to approx. -200 mbar.
The controlled vacuum flows further via a hose line to the following
electric unit.
This unit is actuated by the ME control unit with a pulse width
modulation signal (frequency approx. 10 Hz, on/off ratio approx. 30
to 100%) at the ground end. The developing magnetic field
influences via the coil anchor the valve unit as follows:
* No signal from control unit: The connections OUT and ATM are linked. The exhaust gas recirculation valve is close (ventilated).
* Signal from control unit: The valve unit opens proportional to the current flow in the coil. The vacuum acts partially or fully at connection OUT and operates the ERF valve accordingly.
[[File:W220_EGR_screw.jpg|thumb|none|EGR transducer attachment screw.]]
== Exhaust gasket ==
Gasket for exhaust gas recirculation valve to cylinder head has part number A1121420280 (~2 EUR).
[[File:A1121420280_EGR_exhaust_gasket.jpg|thumb|none|EGR exhaust gasket.]]
== Exhaust gas recirculation line (89/1) ==
Exhaust gas recirculation line has part number A1121400108 (~70 EUR).
[[File:A1121400108_EGR_exhaust_line.jpg|thumb|none|EGR exhaust line (A1121400108).]]
Union nut (89/3) is a separate part A0009906854 (~3 EUR).
The line (89/1) is connected to the intake mainfold with two screws N910143006001.
The gasket for exhaust gas recirculation line to intake mainfold has part number A1121412180 (~2 EUR).
[[File:A1121412180_EGR_intake_gasket.jpg|thumb|none|EGR intake gasket.]]


== Removing exhaust gas recirculation valve ==
== Removing exhaust gas recirculation valve ==
<!-- AR14.20-P-7662A -->
<!-- AR14.20-P-7662A -->
{|
{|
|[[File:W220_EGR_system.jpg]]
|
|
* 19 - Intake manifold
* 19 - Intake manifold
Line 19: Line 162:
* b - Vacuum line
* b - Vacuum line
* Y31/1 - ARF vacuum transducer
* Y31/1 - ARF vacuum transducer
|[[File:W220_EGR_system.jpg]]
|}
|}


{|
{|
|[[File:W220_Exhaust_gas_recirculation_valve.jpg]]
|[[File:W220_ARF_vacuum_transducer.jpg]]
|
|
* 1 - Oil dipstick guide tube
* 1 - Oil dipstick guide tube
Line 30: Line 174:
* 89/3 - Union nut
* 89/3 - Union nut
* Y31/1 - ARF vacuum transducer
* Y31/1 - ARF vacuum transducer
|[[File:W220_Exhaust_gas_recirculation_valve.jpg]]
|[[File:W220_ARF_vacuum_transducer.jpg]]
|}
|}


Line 46: Line 188:


== Fault codes ==
== Fault codes ==
P0400 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Malfunction
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Error Code
! Generated By
! Description
|-
|P2001
|ME-SFI 2.8 - Motor electronics 2.8
|Malfunction of exhaust gas recirculation (functional chain) (P0400)
|-
|P2027-004
|ME-SFI 2.8 - Motor electronics 2.8
|Y31/1 (EGR vacuum transducer) (P0403)
|}
 
 
Possible causes for EGR malfunction:
* The EGR transducer (control selenoid) is faulty and fails open. This will produce P0400 code and will create rough idling.
* Any of rubber vacuum lines broken. This will result in EGR valve being always closed.
* Exhaust line clogged with carbon (see the video below).
* EGR valve is clogged with carbon (cleaning with carbon spray usually helps).
* The membrane in EGR valve is broken resulting in EGR valve being always closed.
* The electrical connection to EGR transducer (selenoid) is broken. This will produce P0403 code.
{|
|{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLQ8HQBzc74|320|left|Exhaust line clogged with carbon.|frame}}
|{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=018NzJe9tSY|320|left|Cleaning EGR valve.|frame}}
|{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oxHapwV2F3g|320|left|Broken EGR vacuum hose.|frame}}
|}
{|
|{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVC8qBwQlRw|320|left|Understanding and diagnosis of EGR.|frame}}
|{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ud60NZuma-A|320|left|EGR valve function and testing.|frame}}
|}

Latest revision as of 19:03, 26 August 2017

Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)

The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system redirects a small portion of exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold back into the intake manifold (see the diagram) to lower the combustion temperature. The engine computer regulates the flow of the EGR gases by opening or closing the EGR valve. The EGR flow is at its maximum during steady highway cruising. The engine computer periodically tests the operation of the EGR system. If the engine computer detects that the EGR flow is less or greater than expected, it sets the fault code P0400 - Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Malfunction.

Function

  • 89 - Exhaust gas recirculation valve
  • B2/5 - Hot film mass air flow sensor
  • B11/4 - Coolant temperature sensor
  • B37 - Accelerator pedal sensor
  • L5 - Crankshaft position sensor
  • M16/6 - Throttle valve actuator
  • N3/10 - ME-SFI [ME] control unit
  • Y31/1 - EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer
  • a - Vacuum supply from intake manifold
  • b - Controlled vacuum from EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer to exhaust gas recirculation valve

The exhaust gas recirculation valve (89) is combined with an electrical EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1).

The EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1) stabilizes the sharp vacuum fluctuations in the intake, and is actuated by the ME-SFI control unit with a PWM signal, which has a frequency of about 10 Hz and a duty cycle of about 30 to 100%.

The EGR valve is actuated with a vacuum of about 80 to 200 mbar, and is opened to varying widths in order to control the quantity of exhaust gases that are recirculated.

The exhaust gases are recirculated in line with the map stored in the ME control unit as soon as the following conditions are met:

  • Coolant temperature between 60°C and 110°C
  • Engine speed <3500 rpm
  • Partial load.

The performance map is designed to optimize fuel consumption. In this case as much exhaust gas as possible is recirculated without impairing engine running or exhaust emissions.

Exhaust gas low in oxygen content is drawn in through the exhaust gas recirculation valve, depending on the cross-section of the valve opening. Consequently, the fuel-air mixture has a lower oxygen concentration. The combustion temperature drops and the formation of NOX is reduced.

The inducted air mass is reduced by the quantity of exhaust gases recycled. In line with this, the ME-SFI [ME] control unit meters less fuel.

Parts

Parts in EPC related to EGR.

The exhaust gas recirculation valve (89) is combined with an electrical EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1) and has part number A1121400060/A1121400460 (PIERBURG OEM ~80 EUR, OE ~130 EUR).

EGR valve and transducer (A1121400060).
  • 89 - Exhaust gas recirculation valve
  • Y31/1 - EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer
  • a - Vacuum supply from intake manifold
  • b - Controlled vacuum from EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer to exhaust gas recirculation valve
  • c - Air admission

Exhaust gas recirculation valve (89)

EGR valve.
  • 89/1 - Compression spring
  • 89/2 - Vacuum reservoir
  • 89/3 - Diaphragm
  • 89/4 - Valve seat
  • 89/5 - Housing

EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1)

EGR pressure transducer is also known as EGR control selenoid.

EGR pressure transducer.
  • a - Compression spring
  • b - Valve plate with diaphragm
  • c - Housing, pressure regulator
  • d - Hose line (guides controlled vacuum of approx. -200 mbar to the electrical unit)
  • e - Coil
  • f - Electromagnetically operated valve unit
  • ATM - Atmospheric pressure, air admission via cylinder head
  • OUT - Controlled vacuum to EGR valve
  • VAC - Vacuum supply from intake manifold

From connection VAC the intake manifold vacuum reaches the pressure regulator, which stabilizes the intake manifold vacuum in line with engine speed and throttle valve position via a control valve to approx. -200 mbar. The controlled vacuum flows further via a hose line to the following electric unit. This unit is actuated by the ME control unit with a pulse width modulation signal (frequency approx. 10 Hz, on/off ratio approx. 30 to 100%) at the ground end. The developing magnetic field influences via the coil anchor the valve unit as follows:

  • No signal from control unit: The connections OUT and ATM are linked. The exhaust gas recirculation valve is close (ventilated).
  • Signal from control unit: The valve unit opens proportional to the current flow in the coil. The vacuum acts partially or fully at connection OUT and operates the ERF valve accordingly.
EGR transducer attachment screw.

Exhaust gasket

Gasket for exhaust gas recirculation valve to cylinder head has part number A1121420280 (~2 EUR).

EGR exhaust gasket.

Exhaust gas recirculation line (89/1)

Exhaust gas recirculation line has part number A1121400108 (~70 EUR).

EGR exhaust line (A1121400108).

Union nut (89/3) is a separate part A0009906854 (~3 EUR).

The line (89/1) is connected to the intake mainfold with two screws N910143006001.

The gasket for exhaust gas recirculation line to intake mainfold has part number A1121412180 (~2 EUR).

EGR intake gasket.

Removing exhaust gas recirculation valve

  • 19 - Intake manifold
  • 89 - Exhaust gas recirculation valve
  • 89/1 - Exhaust gas recirculation line
  • 89/2 - Vacuum reservoir
  • 89/3 - Union nut
  • a - Vacuum line from intake pipe
  • b - Vacuum line
  • Y31/1 - ARF vacuum transducer
  • 1 - Oil dipstick guide tube
  • 2 - Fuel rail
  • 3 - Plug connection
  • 89 - Exhaust gas recirculation valve
  • 89/3 - Union nut
  • Y31/1 - ARF vacuum transducer
  1. Remove cover on front side of engine
  2. Remove air filter housing
  3. Remove engine cover with integrated air filter
  4. Unplug connector on EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1).
  5. Detach vacuum line (b) to vacuum unit (89/2) and EGR pressure transducer (Y31/1)
  6. Unscrew union nut (89/3) on exhaust gas recirculation valve (89)
  7. Dismount EGR line (89/1) from intake manifold (19)
  8. Unscrew exhaust gas recirculation pipe (89) from cylinder head
  9. Remove exhaust gas recirculation valve (89). Installation: Replace gaskets. Note length and routing of vacuum line from intake manifold to EGR [ARF] vacuum transducer (Y31/1). Incorrect routing may cause throttle lever to jam.
  10. Install in the reverse order

Fault codes

Error Code Generated By Description
P2001 ME-SFI 2.8 - Motor electronics 2.8 Malfunction of exhaust gas recirculation (functional chain) (P0400)
P2027-004 ME-SFI 2.8 - Motor electronics 2.8 Y31/1 (EGR vacuum transducer) (P0403)


Possible causes for EGR malfunction:

  • The EGR transducer (control selenoid) is faulty and fails open. This will produce P0400 code and will create rough idling.
  • Any of rubber vacuum lines broken. This will result in EGR valve being always closed.
  • Exhaust line clogged with carbon (see the video below).
  • EGR valve is clogged with carbon (cleaning with carbon spray usually helps).
  • The membrane in EGR valve is broken resulting in EGR valve being always closed.
  • The electrical connection to EGR transducer (selenoid) is broken. This will produce P0403 code.
Load video
YouTube
Exhaust line clogged with carbon.
Load video
YouTube
Cleaning EGR valve.
Load video
YouTube
Broken EGR vacuum hose.
Load video
YouTube
Understanding and diagnosis of EGR.
Load video
YouTube
EGR valve function and testing.
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